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                                    FLY ON THE WALL INTERVIEWS

                                             Presents Stephen Gill

 

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*Appeared in Poetry In The Arts, Inc. (Texas, USA)

Newsletter No. 23, January 2001

Editor & Interviewer: Peggy Zuleika Lynch

and

Masihi Sansar (India), January 31, 2001

 

 

1. WHAT IS YOUR VIEW ABOUT THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF POETRY IN THE 20TH CENTURY?

            The twentieth century  will be known also for the gradual flowering of poetry that reached maturity towards the close of the millennium. It is the second Renaissance.

            Whereas literary historians still grapple with pinpointing the fountain of the first Renaissance that flowered around the 16th century, it is not so with the 2nd one. The computer and mobility form the fountain of the second Renaissance. Both have broadened the intellectual vision of the human which has opened the doors for the poetry to mature.

            Today, a poet can print a few copies comparably cheaply on a home-based computer printer or do it on a copier. Even regular printing is cheaper because a poet can make the first copy on the computer. This has encouraged more poets to get into print.

            To do this, it needs leisure as well. There are more published poets today than there ever have been. The government projects to help retired, unemployed and disabled persons, single mothers and other social welfare schemes, particularly in North America, have given more time and freedom to individuals to be able to concentrate on poetry as well.

            Moreover, there are several financial assistance programmes run by the agencies of governments and businesses. The governments were lenient as far as taxes are concerned towards cultural activities. Many businesses, instead of paying taxes to the government, increased their funding.  As a result, there was a mushrooming of poets.

             Availability of more leisure has increased the readership. The media was more open for cultural activities. Proliferation of education and the courses on writing offered by local educational institutions were additional contributing factors for the over all flowering of poets and a market for them. 

            The previous millennium had produced experimentalists as well. Some of their devices became popular and some  fell  on  rocky ground.  At  the  same time, the availability of means

produced several poets who did not know what they were doing.  With the force of money and time, they pushed themselves and were able to catch some limelight.

            The flood of poetry also confused readers. A common person could not differentiate between good and bad poetry.   

            No matter how we look at, the twentieth century was the second Renaissance for poetry.

 

2. WHAT IS YOUR INTERPRETATION OF WHAT POETS/POETRY WILL ACCOMPLISH IN THE 21ST CENTURY.

            This flowering of the renaissance will continue in the 21st Century. The first few years will be confusing because of the challenges posed by the overpowering dragon of the internet. The old generation is coping with these challenges, learning unknown skills to express themselves.

            The new fertilizer is growing a new crop of abundance of poets that would crowd the already overcrowded bazaar for a more vigorous competition.  As a result of this competition, several serious poets will not be able to accomplish what they want. Their place will be  taken by mediocre who will emerge because of their money and their knowledge about the use of the art of self-promotion.

            The computer has also eliminated geographical boundaries and the ease of mobility has brought nations closer to one another. Consequently, the interaction of languages and cultures will continue growing. More poets have started clamouring for global peace.  All these factors will bring a wealth of splendour and nourishment to poetry. 

            Poetry would be in a greater demand by musicians and singers as well. The third millennium will produce more hunger for knowledge to make more money and to gain more power. This will create a vacuum in the spiritual realm. The third millennium generation will be  more isolated, lonely and uprooted. To fill that gap, there will be more demand for singers as well as for poets. 

            Due to high-tech there will be more unemployment than ever before.  The governments and foundations will offer their help to citizens many of whom would turn also to poetry to pass their time, widening the sphere of poetry even further. Several non-serious poets will be helped through these means and several serious would be neglected. It would be an era without a James Joyce of Finigans Wake and a Shakespeare of the sonnets. 

            I have no doubts that the readership of the 21st century would ignore or semi-ignore several top national poets. Their minor contemporaries would emerge as more respectable ones.  It is because international standards for the evaluation of literary outputs have always been different from the national standards. The international court of the readership would have enough time and easy accessibility to distant literatures to evaluate it.  

 

3. WHEN YOU WRITE, DO YOU WRITE ANYWHERE, ANYTIME  OR  DO  YOU  REQUIRE A SPECIAL PLACE AND TIME?

            I can write anywhere and at any time. I am referring to my mental activity. Before sitting before a computer, or with a pen and paper, I have to write in my mind first. To others, I may be resting, sleeping, eating or just watching nature. They don't know the activity that is going on within me.  I have written a short poem on this subject which I am quoting here to support what I mean:

 

BEGINS IN THE MIND

 

Don't be surprised

if for a long time

you hear from his chambers

the silence

that pervades a graveyard.

 

The writer is not idle;

he has to write in his mind

before pounding

on a typewriter.

 

            I have written several poems while driving. I keep a battery-operated mini tape-recorder close to my seat.  Whenever poetic ideas hit me, I record them while driving on long highways. Later, when I am in front of my computer, I type and polish the lines to clothe the airy beings in a more beautiful way. I find it helpful to imprison my airy beings. They should be caught right away. Otherwise, they are lost like vapour. Here is a poem in which I express this aspect:

 

 

DELICATE OARS

 

Poets are adventurous;

they dive with the swimmers,

dance with the singers

and enter

the souls of tyrants,

as they paint

voyaging

in the seas of their thoughts

ploughing

the waters of their emotions

with the delicate oars

of their pens.

 

They catch unaware

free, naked creatures of waves.

 

To civilize,

they clothe them with images,

stitched with their words.

 

            For me, short intervals are enough to edit a poem. Because a poem is relatively short and its fabrics are woven around one idea, I can write it, at least in rough form, anytime. It is not possible with long pieces of prose. I should be in front of my computer to do some  writing and in many cases even my thinking. In order to add to a chapter or an article, they have to be read again. It often happens that by the time I go over those sections of my prose to find where and what to add, I am tired or burnt out. I have to give up the effort to recuperate myself by lying down,  going to the kitchen to make tea or a snack or phoning someone for a chat. I hate to make regular trips to my refrigerator, but still have to do it for a change.          Sometimes, I concentrate so deeply that I am tired by the time I am able to just organize my material. At this stage, I force myself to write at least a draft to develop it later.

            I think it is a proper place to mention that I started my writing with poetry.  For years, I gave more time to poetry than to prose. I gave more time to poetry because there was something that I wanted to convey. I have reached that stage of my writing where I can say that additional poetry would be a repetition of what I have already said. Now is the time for prose.

            This does not mean that I will banish the muse from the realm of my life. I have poems in my drawers written not long ago waiting for my immediate close attention for editing.

 

4. DO YOU VIEW THE COMPUTER AS A GOD-SEND TO POETS?

            A few years ago, I considered computers cold, remote, without emotions. I was not able to type even a line,  except when I had to save a poem on a disk. My attitude has changed drastically. I feel now I am lost without a computer.

            However, a computer is not as useful to poets as it is to prose writers, particularly to novelists. The prose writers of book-length projects can move around their pages and passages and do spell-checks as well. I use my computer for both.

            Computers are also helpful in sending query letters. There are some software which can be used for grammar check up. I don't know how much help they can give in checking the grammatical aspect of writing. I don't use them for this purpose because I do not believe that computers can do it.

 

5. HOW DO YOU STAY FOCUSED ON THE GOALS YOU WISH TO ATTAIN IN WRITING EACH YEAR?

            I work on a single lifelong goal.  I divide that goal into several steps for each year. They are again subdivided.

            To stay focused, I keep the single goal of my life before me and the steps I want to take in a particular year to reach that goal which is always distant. I believe that the goal is nonreachable-- it is a continuous persuasion-- it has no "the"-- it is not a noun--it is chase-- it is

a continuous flow of a river till it merges in the vastness of the sea.  The goal should be the sun that cannot be hidden by any amount of the dust of intrusions.

            To be near my goal, I have made it a practice to do writing first at the start of my day and also at the close, and in between whenever it is possible. I don't want to do anything else in the morning, except making a cup of tea and rushing to my computer. Before I am able to do some writing that I plan for that day, any intrusion, even a long chat with anyone, irritates me. After having done my work for an hour or so, if not much, I begin to feel in shape to face the rest of my day.

            For a change, I make use of my telephone.  Writers should not escape from other duties.  They provide intervals which are also productive, though too many intervals are as bad as is their complete nonexistence. I will call these intrusions or intervals  productive because they recharge my battery for the pursuit of my goal.

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6. YOU WRITE AN ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF JOURNALISTIC PROSE ABOUT THE CHRISTIAN DILEMMA IN PAKISTAN. HOW DOES WRITING IN THIS MEDIUM AFFECT YOUR POETRY?

            My prose is to convey my message that I convey through my poetry also.  I believe that I am a poet, and my basic effort is for peace within and without. These elements are obvious also in my prose.

            These days I write prose for the awareness of the human rights situation of the minorities in the subcontinent of India and Pakistan. I started writing prose about Pakistan towards the later part of nineties.  Shortly, I included India. I started with Pakistan because of the antidemocratic laws of that country against the minorities. Normally laws are made to protect the rights of weaker sections of society. But the trend is the other way in Pakistan and now it has started in India. 

            Minorities in India and Pakistan suffer also due to the climate of the misinformation that is being created to produce hate. I believe that to maintain law and order situations, it is necessary to respect the human rights of minorities.  If minorities are not happy, there will be no happiness within the territory. Systematic violations of human rights, particularly when they are state-sponsored,  lead to counter agitation and eventually to war that divides the nation. Any nation that is founded on hatred and bloodshed cannot be at peace. I believe that bloodshed has never been able to solve any problem. This is one of the fronts of my crusade.

            We are living in a global village in which hatred and unfair laws produce international reactions easily. It may create refugee problems also. Several refugees may be fake. These fakes, as well as the genuine refugees, may use foreign lands for their terrorist activities. The unrest within a country may give headaches to the bordering nations. The unrest within the country hampers the growth of economical health. The worst sufferers are minorities because they are the soft targets.

            It is in the interest of the majority to take care of their minorities. In other words, there cannot be peace in that country which does not respect the human rights of minorities.  By writing about the minorities of India and Pakistan, I am not deviating from the center of my writing, which is peace. I have written several poems on the related subjects.

 

7.WHAT IS IT THAT MAKES YOU WRITE IN ONE FORM OVER OTHERS?

            Normally, I do not have a form in mind when I begin a poem. What I have is an airy being or an emotion which I would call a rough diamond.  My work as a poet is to chisel the diamond to make it presentable-- or more presentable. It is an effort from one heart to touch other hearts.

            While doing this, I may find a proper tool to smooth the path of my journey.  That may be called chiselling of the form in which I would like to present my diamond. That may happen at any time-- while eating, resting, driving and even during a chat with someone.

            I may add here that forms like a sonnet, ballad, or ode, are least important to me. My first priority as a poet is to clothe my airy beings in the most possible beautiful way.

            I believe that beauty is not found in one colour or shape. There are beautiful songs and songs in the world. There is no one way to create a music that is beautiful-- that is moving-- that is rapturous--- that sounds divine. There are as many ways to create masterpieces as there are artists in the world.

 

8. YOUR WRITINGS HAVE INCLUDED NOVELS, ESSAYS AND YOU HAVE EDITED JOURNALS AND ANTHOLOGIES. HOW DO YOU CONCLUDE IN WHAT FORM YOU WILL WRITE. DO YOU BEGIN WITH THE DECISION YOU WILL WRITE A NOVEL AND THEN PROCEED WITH SOME IDEAS? OR DO YOU TAKE AN IDEA AND DETERMINE WHAT YOU WANT TO PLACE IT IN; A NOVEL, AN ESSAY, A POEM?

            When I have something within to bring out, I need devices which may not be argumentative and entirely based on an intellectual approach. Those devices are the beautiful snares to catch my airy beings. I am aware of the power of these devices, called tools.  Even the ugly things in life become beautiful if artists know how to use their tools.

             I have  written several poems on different issues of peace. The same issues I have attempted in my articles and in dialogues in my fiction. The issues remain the same-- just the treatment assumes different shapes. When I have to convince my readers for or against an issue, I go to prose.

            Both the fields-- prose as well as poetry-- have their limitations, however. What writers cannot say in one form, they can say in another. Writers have more freedom in fiction to express themselves through dialogue and remain impersonal at the same time. To enjoy even more freedom, writers can use articles which can be poetic.

            Take the case of terrorism. The object of terrorism is to spread fear to silence the citizens against injustice. I have written a poem and moreover several articles. The objects of both approaches are the same but the tools are different. In prose, I add anecdotes and views of others to support my message. My writing about human rights issues and other aspects of peace are from this angle. To prove my point, I seek help of other activists and writers by quoting them. Prose become a sort of scholarly or semi-scholarly effort.

                                  

9. JAMES DICKNEY ONCE STATED THAT POETRY IS A KIND OF CENTER OF A WHEEL WHICH HE TERMED CREATIVE... FROM THAT CENTER THESE OTHER FORMS OF WRITING EVOLVE. DOES THIS DESCRIBE YOUR DETERMINANTS?       

            Poets use words as rocks for their creation. History has proved it again and over again that words are the atoms of the nitroglycerin which are suffused with energy. The first artist or poet was God who created the universe with His words. God created humans in His own image. In other words, human is also creative. At the end of every creation, He said it is beautiful. The creation of a true artist is also beauty.

            To me every creation is beautiful. Poetry is beauty. The other forms of beauty are also poetic, including dance, painting, fiction and all that one can name.

            But there is no beauty in terrorism, violation of human rights and bloodbaths. There may be beauty to the perpetrators of those destructive activities-- I will call such activities as the aberration of creativity and beauty.

 

10. IN YOUR NEW DIRECTION OF SOCIAL CONCERNS WHAT DO YOU FEEL YOUR WRITING WILL ACCOMPLISH BOTH HERE AND IN PAKISTAN AND IN INDIA?

            Violence is a disgusting aberration of beauty, and beauty is the music of creation.  The systematic violations of the rights which were universally declared and adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations are the worst aberrations.  Both India and Pakistan accepted these Universal Declarations.

            These Declarations are to maintain peace. At present, the United Nations is the supreme mouthpiece of humanity because there is no other organization which commands respect as widely as this organization does.

             I try to make the citizens of North America and also of the region of India and Pakistan aware of my concerns. My goal is to do my work for peace in a peaceful way.  As far as result is concerned, I leave it to destiny.

 

11. WHAT IS YOUR COMPELLING INFLUENCE FOR THIS CRUSADE?

            I have seen the glass of peace being smashed into pieces when I was growing up in India.  My family did not know if there would be another dawn and when there was, it brought horrific tales of more brutalities. I have seen old people running for help and being pelted with bricks and then burnt alive while the patrolling police ignore the clusters of misguided zealots; I have perceived death dancing in the eyes of minorities; I have heard the cries of infants; I have read about the butchery of the innocent. Both the Hindus and Muslims were engaged in this ugliness for religious reasons. Mahatama Gandhi was assassinated because he tried to end this drama of degradation to humanity. It is the pain of these wounds that I carry with me no matter where I go. I have struggled to catch a glimpse of that pain in the preface to Shrine, a collection of my poems of social concerns. That pain is still alive in the caves of my arteries and comes to life as a ghost any time, particularly when it is night.

            The compelling influence for my crusade is peace-- the peace that is beauty-- the peace that is creative-- the peace that makes life meaningful. Canada to me provides a blueprint for this peace.                    

 

 

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Award-winning Dr. Peggy Lynch is a prominent poet from Texas, USA.  She has authored several collections of poems and edits Poetry in the Arts. 

 

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