Questions for You

Anuradha Sharma


*First appeared in Stephen Gill”s Poetry: A Panorama of 

World Peace. Ed. Prof. KV Dominic. AuthorsPress, India, March 2010

 

 

1. Does the realization of the Flame also give pain?

 

A.  Realization is the destination and destination is the stage of liberation from desire and desire is pain.. The normal desire even for health leads one to organize a schedule for rest, diet and physical exercises. Physical exercise itself is painful, but the  result is health that is liberation from sicknesses. A mother carries the baby of her desire. The birth of the baby is painful. The realization of the Flame is a  state of  liberation  and the culmination  of this liberation  is bliss.

 

The realization of the Flame is also light and in the light one can see  the hyacinths of wisdom which spring up fresh and green from the soil of  love and peace.   Realization is to know  Truth and Truth is peace and peace is the realm of Divinity.  A candle is meant to be placed on the table to lighten every corner. Brutes  put the candle under the table of their self-glory. In the darkness, they cannot see children, women, wives, friends, anyone.  They flash their swords,  killing everyone whosoever comes within its  range.   The  darkness is the absence of knowledge and knowledge is to find the rock of truth. Separation from the Flame caused by  brutes is painful as it is for  a lover who is separated from his beloved. This pain has been highlighted  in parts seven and eight of the Flame

 

2. Do you think the lap of the mother has been  preparatory for these maniac messiahs as you wrote in the preface of the Flame? 

 

A. The laps of mothers  give warmth to shape  muscles to  build the future of peace and prosperity.  The best time for a mother to give this warmth is when she tells a story, holding  the child in her lap.   Studies have confirmed  that the children who have been touched, caressed, kissed and hugged by their parents constantly in an aura of love score high marks in language and IQ tests. It has also been confirmed in studies that the babies who received massage from their parents before going to bed fell asleep faster and more comfortably and shared their feelings of love easily with others when they became adults.  A new study reveals  that children who are spanked have lower IQs.  Researchers at New Hampshire University have discovered that children who receive corporal punishments from parents  become less intelligent than their class mates. Research has been done on chimpanzees also. Some of them were allowed to touch their offspring often and some were allowed only to hear and see their faces at a distance. The offspring of the chimpanzees who were allowed only to hear and see their parents at a  distance went insane.

 

The maniac messiahs are these chimpanzees who are  from the loveless atmosphere of childhood. They experience abandonment in their formative years. Because of this abandonment, they develop warped views, accumulating the destructive arsenal of lovelessness. They take revenge on society for the love that was denied to them. They have nothing pleasing  to share  with others. They become  emotionally deformed and amputees. They fall easy prey to cunning politicians and religious fanatics who present distorted pictures of  life after death to snare them. They become suicide bombers because inside they have emotional explosives. They look for opportunities to use them. 


3. Don’t you think that these terrorists are mentally sick and need help? What type of help should be provided to them? Do you think that a sympathetic approach towards them will bring peaceful result? Give you views on this stating to what extent literary activities can be helpful in addressing the burning issue?    

 

A. Everyone is  angelic  when he or she is  born. It is the indifference in  the  lap of the mother, and later the smithy of the books they read and the company they associate with that shapes their angelic nature into the nature of maniac messiahs. There is hardly anything that can be done for these emotional bombs. The cancer of some of them reaches  the stage  where no physician can help.  They become robots. The key is in the hands of their masters.

 

The ideal path is to educate mothers to stop raising these cancerous cells.   Poverty has nothing to do with this cancer.  A child born in a wealthy environment can also develop these emotional bombs which can be manipulated by politicians who are ready in the garb of religious persons to use them. Only education can help. Some minor cancers at the early  stage can be cured in a healthy environment of love and education if detected. 

 

One thing that can be done is to deny oxygen to these cancers, called robots. Their masters  have formed a sophisticated net to finance their brutalities  in the garb of religion. In fact, they have a political agenda. Their network collects millions of dollars in drug trade, kidnapping, extortion and also from foreign donations. It is difficult to cut off the line of  oxygen because some nations and private donors help them  for personal reasons. A  large part of their money comes from criminal activities.    

 

To monitor every nation  and to keep an eye on donations and activities under the modern system which allows them to be sovereign and free in their  domestic affairs is almost impossible.   Nations are divided along  religious and non-religious  ideologies and there is not even a single person or organization that is trusted by all. The UN is one to some extent. But it has no power to implement its decisions. To stop  oxygen to cancerous cells, it needs cooperation among all the nations of the world that is a dream because every nation has its own agenda. The easier way is to strengthen the hands of  the UN to make it a more democratic and representative body with more muscle. This will turn the UN  into a democratic parliament of the world based on the ideology of partnership for the safety of the mother earth. It is  a dream to achieve it under the present circumstances. The fact is that the world is close to the mouth of complete annihilation  unless this dream comes true. Sooner or later, all the nations will have to form a democratic parliament of the world.

 

However,  everyone, including creative artists, should keep doing their work. Frustration does not help anyone.

 

4. How man can be civilized in true sense not in the way where he performs animal activities having a mask of civility on his face? Do you think prevailing education system can educate him to be a thinker having feelings for his fellow men by developing respect for all the religions? 

A. The prevailing education system has failed in producing reasonably responsible citizens. This system is based on competition and survival of the fittest. I have written a research article on this subject under the title of Development of Internationalism in Universities. I have discussed this problem in this paper in detail. The article is available online and on my web site.

5. Is the condition of the world deteriorating or improving after untiring efforts of decades by the leaders and writers like you? To what level are they successful in solving the problem of terrorism?

A. The condition of the world is improving in some quarters and deteriorating in others. Terrorism is on the increase and it would continue increasing under the prevailing circumstances. The worst nightmare is that these terrorists will be able to get hold of nuclear power. They will not  mind unleashing it on themselves and others because for them there is no child, mother and benefactor. The whole world is worthless to  them. They are like anarchists who will destroy the whole world because it is corrupt. These terrorists are more concerned with their life after death than with the life on this earth.  Some irresponsible regimes are working on getting nuclear power.  Either because they are inefficient or due to corruption or the unsafe environments within those nations, these terrorist groups can get hold of the  engines of mass destruction. These groups are becoming more and more powerful  and knowledgeable.

It is encouraging  that there are also groups that are actively engaged in spreading the gospel of love and human rights. They have also succeeded to a great extent. However, the world is a house divided. The only hope is the UN and this single organization does not have muscles to implement its decisions on nations because it accepts their sovereignty. The power of veto of  permanent members is also an impediment. It is a depressing situation. Hopefully something will emerge out of this prevailing chaos.                                                                                                                                                                     

6. You always talk of your painful childhood experiences in India? Give your views on scratching past injuries not permitting them to cure or repair by a touch which is very important for both mental and physical health.

A. Please go over canto fifty-two (52) of the Flame, along with a few others in sections seven and eight.  I will quote a few pertinent lines below:

Receive me eagerly

a battle unending

I need support.

 

Hold me ardently

a root unprotected

I need the breeze.

 

Accept me readily

a lamb unclaimed

I need good shepherd.

 

7. Do you have some happy memories about your days in India?

A. What sort of happy memories do you expect from someone  who has passed his formative years in New Delhi, reading books by kerosene lamps because only privileged homes had electricity,  days in the lap of  loneliness and nights under the cover of fear when Pakistan was created. The museum of my happy memories about my past in India is empty. The museum of my happy memories in Canada is also empty. 

I find Canada as boring as India is. On the other hand, I found the part of Ethiopia, which is now Eritrea and where  I was a teacher for three years, a land of relaxed atmosphere.   I still cherish the  memories of my stay and it seems I will keep cherishing them. I found Ethiopia, a  land of rugged mountains and dangerous valleys,  spontaneous to the emotions of love, which come as naturally as fragrance  to flowers. I have tried to illustrate this aspect in my novel Why. It seems I will have to rewrite this novel.                                                                      

8. Please share what did you feel when Amitabh Bachchan was given the title of the ‘Man of the Millennium’ in 2001.

A. Amitabh Bachchan is a role model in the entertainment industry. He  deserves Man of the Millennium Award  for discovering techniques for  self-promotion and evasion of income tax.

9. Do you think poverty, illiteracy and terrorism are inter related? If yes in what order these problems should be tackled to make the world a livable, lovable and peaceful place?

A. Terrorism has nothing to do with poverty. The terrorists who targeted  New York were not poor. Well known names in the field of terrorism are not poor either. It has to do with ignorance and lack of love in their childhood. Terrorism has a close affiliation with lack of light of knowledge.  Terrorists  have  wrong parents,  go to wrong schools, read wrong books, go to wrong places of worship, and have wrong idols before them.

10. Does your poem the ‘Flame’ bear some autobiographical suggestions?                              

A. Artists combine personal experiences with the experiences of others and also something from the imagination,  adding and deleting, to get across the message. In this struggle nothing remains pure-- neither autobiographical nor non-autobiographical experiences.  To try to separate both is like trying to separate milk from the water that is added. The best way is to read the biography or biographical writings of the poet,  including interviews, to know his or her life. I try to explain some reasons in my prefaces that lead me to my creative work.                                    

In a way every poem, every article and every word of a writer is autobiographical because it represents the way he or she thinks and that  way of thinking is shaped by the family and social surroundings. This leads to the fact that humans are products of their environments. World literary masterpieces  are filled with fine creations  because it is not difficult for a poet to find painful material  from life. To find smiles from the treasury of life is difficult because often they are not there. An artist  has to manufacture those smiles in the laboratory of imagination.  The manufactured stuff is not lifelike.   I am also a product of the environment in which I grew up. Many literary critics have shed light on this aspect.                                                                      

Sometimes, I have to adopt  a persona to separate the poem from the poet to conceal self-identification. Often poets need symbols to hide themselves. This is to create the objectivity of a play to some extent.  To illustrate my point concretely, let me quote a few lines from the Flame that is the subject of this question. These are from canto sixty (60) which is often compared with a poem of Tagore:

Where love is not suffocated

            Or another canto, number 53:

If the pangs of separation

ever prick me

I shall clap the soul of the night…

            Or when the poet talks of  himself in canto 52:

Receive me eagerly

a battle unending

I need support.                                                                                                                   

Cares me carefully

a rose tethered                                                                                                                                                                                                                                

I need tenderness.

The above lines  have a persona that may suggest something about the frustrating experiences of the poet because of the social and religious environments or things like that. These  poems talk about love. The pronoun I is involved in these  poems. To express experiences,  real or imaginary, a poet adopts a persona. The poet  uses this technique as a veil.  It is  a forgivable deception for which the art is often used  to hide the truth from the reader. Persona, a word from the Latin that means a mask,  conceals the actual face of the poet. 

11. Do you feel that everybody is suffering in the world,  trying to survive by suppressing his/ her inner voice. Is it  a form of terrorism? How can it be addressed?                 

A.  Everyone is suffering in this world for one reason or  another. Buddha identified desire as the cause of suffering.  The moment a person desires to have a new car or a new house or a new job, suffering takes its root, causing stress and anxiety.                                                                            

One way to reduce suffering is to get rid of as many desires as possible, not by suppressing them but by understanding their true nature.  Some of them  may not be  important. A person may elevate his blood pressure for nothing by putting too much attachment on   fantasies  or unimportant desires. Moreover, fulfillment of a desire is no guarantee that the anxiety or suffering will stop. Fantasy is one example. They are never satisfied.                      

Some desires are necessary like taking extra courses to make life better. There is suffering involved but this desire or suffering is desirable. It is based on a motivation. One can pursue this course of action to fulfill the desire without much pressure or  attachment. Elimination of some kinds of personal desires  through reasoning are important because they lead to immoral acts.  Such  desires include  the desire to kill or steal.  Some desires are necessary to eliminate  for the common good. For instance, Canada has anti-hatred laws to stop targeting a particular community.  The aim of these laws is  not to suppress the voice of the people but to maintain peace and order within the country.                                                                 

Certain dictatorial regimes may have laws to  stifle democracy. This includes the right to criticize the government in a constructive way. During an election, the media provides information to the electorate to be able to make decisions. For this reason, there should be a free flow of information. Sometimes, national governments suppress the media to  the  free flow of information because the free flow of information may not be in the interest of the government. That suppression is against democratic values.                                                                                                            

Some individuals may suppress their inner voice because of fear of some sort or to abstain from hurting others. Normally the inner voice is referred to as the voice that represents the Divine Power. Every being has the spark of Divinity that is often dimmed or clouded with negative desires, including hate, greed and violence.                                                                                   

The inner voice may also refer to the exploration and examination of oneself deeply and constantly through relaxation techniques.  It is listening to the silent sound  that springs from heart. When the inner voice becomes louder and clearer, revelations are born. Gautama,  Christ  Gandhi and great artists, including Dante and Michael Angelo, listened to their inner voices that represented Divinity. This inner voice is the voice of  peace—it is OM in the Hindu religion and Omega in Christianity. Om in Sanskrit and Omega in Latin are the same. The inspired beings  listen to their inner voice and work accordingly, using their personal talents which differ from being to being.                                                                                                                      

These talents are the coins,  not to be kept  buried. These talents represent the light that is to be kept on the table, not under the table. Not to use this light for fear or for any other reason is of  character. It may also  indicate  that light or the whisper, called also the inner voice, is not strong enough to goad and guide a person to be able to implement it. Its suppression  may result in psychosomatic ailments, including  depression and unhappiness.   

This inner voice is with every human even before he or she learns to speak and understand. It is also called intuition or a spiritual guru. To listen to it is  exploring oneself.  A person can master  techniques to communicate with the inner voice closely through prayers and fasts because this way the window to worldly desires can be closed to open the other window.                   

There is every possibility to confuse the inner voice with  something that is originated in the mind or with something that is the result of brain wash or lack of love that dims the spark within. If that inner voice does not meet the conditions of love and peace, the main attributes of the Divine Power,  then that whisper is not from Him. God is peace, and peace is the other side of the coin that is love. God send his rains and sun for evil as well as for righteous  people. His love is unconditional and for all. The inner voice represents that Being.       It suggests a  path to travel for  satisfaction--for happiness and fulfillment. There is also the pain of  loss because to gain something one has to lose something. Desire and pains go together. However that pain becomes meaningful and desirable.                                                                                                                       

Terrorists  do not suppress the insidious desire to eat the flesh of peace They  plant the shrubs of brutalities with the water of their rage. Lost in the wilderness of perplexity, they terrorize  citizens,  turning the world of freedoms upside down for their political agenda. They soar in the realm of their delusion to commit horrendous crimes against humanity.   They do not represent  any religion, and   any community.  They have a clear political design to achieve.

12. In which category of the poets you put yourself-- Romantics who take refuge in poetry, Modernists who are perplexed by the way of the contemporary life or to some other category?

A. I don’t think I belong to the pigeon hole of any school or category of poets. As a creative writer, my job is to write without paying attention to any category.  I have written an article, titled Symbolism With A Special Reference To My Poetry. On this subject. One can Google to find it.               

 

However, I have discovered some similarities of my poetry with the nineteenth century French symbolist poets. How much similarity is there is anyone’s guess. I believe, some literary evaluators will write about it some  day. I have stated in this article:

 

Symbolists also refer to a major literary movement of the second half of the 19th century from  France. The movement  has received different labels, including decadence, aestheticism, neoromanticism and imaginism.  Its followers  include  Mallarme, Verlaine, and Rimbaud. Their  main aim was to represent ideas and emotions by suggestion rather than description. They  reacted  against the prevailing school of realism and impressionism that expressed emotions or abstractions without comparing them with the visible world. Symbolists influenced painting and music as well  as English writers like Poe,  Swinburn and W.B. Yeats. Symbolists wrote in a highly suggestive way to express the intangible truth or conditions. They became more evocative than descriptive

                                                                                                                                                           

I would like to add that the subject of my writings is peace. The problem that has been  posed by terrorist groups in the twenty-first century  assumes different shapes. Modern terrorism is a new phenomenon. I can say with confidence that no poet in the world has written so much about peace and social concerns as I have. There are poets who have written good poems on peace and even terrorism. But no one has given his or her entire  writing life to this aspect.  Most of my  talks,  interviews  and writings  are connected with peace.   To  isolate peace from my poetry is isolating  roots from tree.

13. Why all Diasporas lament for their lost land and try to gain sympathy of the people? Why don’t they try to create a “Swadesh in Pardesh” like Gandhi created one for himself and others      in
Africa. Would you like to call him diaspora with distinguished perspective?                              

A. It is wrong to use diaspora for every immigrant, worker and tourist abroad.   They  are gold diggers, or may have been abroad for another purpose. To expect them to create a “Swedesh in Pardesh” is like expecting milk from a dry cow.  I have discussed this subject  in my research paper titled  Mythical Interpretation of Indo-Canadian Diaspora. I have stated:

 

Diaspora essentially is a bitter experience of dislocation that leads to alienation, a sense of loss and nostalgic desires.  It refers to that particular class of immigrants who are unable to go back, primarily because of the hostile climate of discrimination in the country of birth. The hostile climate is intolerable in the land of birth and tolerable in the land of adoption. Usually Diasporans are not happy anywhere, and suffer silently.

 

I have tried to  catch  their inner self to some extent in “Refugee”  in my collection Shrine:

 

I have gazed

into the graveyard of their eyes

often grabbing

the dry bones of their silence……

 

A smoke of uncertainty

surround them like fear

and the albatross of loneliness

sits upon them

like a paperweight (p.76)

 

The “dry bones of their silence” due to hostility are seen nowhere among Indo-Canadian writers. Their writings do not reflect any trace of hostilities, because the climate of intolerable discrimination is non-existent in the country of their birth, and is tolerable in the country of their adoption.   Indian immigrants  in the global age are aspirants of new affluence.  Indian immigrants to Canada can be included among the aspirants of new affluence more easily than among the Diaspora based on the mythical interpretation of Indo-Canadians.                                            

 

14. Do you feel there is a need to bring Herculean change in the technology in India to deal with the problem of teaching English as second language                                                                         

A. Any development in science and technology is helpful in solving educational and other problems. India is using these developments though it is at a slow space because of the population and other problems. I am sure more can be done, but law-makers are involved more in their internal politics to hold on to their chairs and to make more money for themselves. They have hardly any  time left to think of the nation.

 

15. Do you feel we are killing our own vernacular languages by giving so much importance to the English language? English medium schools are growing like Mushroom  leaving students in a vortex failing them in the lives, a Western style of living and the rustic to which they now feel to be unfit.

 

A. There is change everywhere and this change will continue even without English. It has to do with science and technology which have shaped the world into a village. Fashions, taste, ideologies and concepts are impacting one another more than ever in this village. No one can blame language.

 

What is Western influence?  Does it refer to smoking and drinking or anything else, or wearing Western dress or the availability of medical care and clean water to everyone? In this global village, citizens in New Delhi and Bombay, Ottawa, Paris, London and other metropolitan cities think alike. To get away from the Western influence is to erect a wall of isolation. One way  is to prevent  Indian students, businessmen and tourists from going abroad, because when they come back they bring new ideas. Also  foreigners should not be allowed  to come to India. At the same time, Indian medical scientists should work on indigenous systems of healing without giving and learning from any other source. To go one step further, English newspapers should also be closed. I don’t think it is possible, because economies of nations are interlinked in the global village.                                                     

 

On the positive side, history affirms that Indians are adaptable to changing circumstances and this is the main secret for the survival of the Indian culture that itself is a  blend of the Aryan and the Native cultures.   There have been changes in Indian cultures for centuries and this change will go on. Change is the law of nature. However, there are intrinsic strengths in Indian culture that have  not changed in these centuries and these strengths will remain unchanged for centuries to come.                                                                                                                                    

 

India is not an exception as far as the mushrooming of the English language schools is concerned. It is more  in some other countries than in India. China is one of them. English has become a language of India. India has also its national language and  every state or province  has also its own language. Most citizens of  India know at least three languages and to teach these three languages is not  a problem. At high school, a student should be given the option of  concentrating  on one  language of his or her choice. Force or compulsion in the name of religion or politics does not work. Language, culture and religion should not be forced on anyone. This curbs the faculty of thinking.                                                                                  

 

It is  notable that India is developing its own variety of English as different parts of India have developed their own varieties of Hindi. I would like to suggest that Indian scholars at universities and colleges should concentrate on creative writers of Indian origin. India has a good harvest of English writers. I have discovered that some North American and British poets and novelists have been over-worked by Indian scholars. Perhaps it is because the books by Indian authors are not easily available in the libraries and scholars have not evaluated their works deeply and extensively. This is one area that has to be taken care of.                                            

 

This area cannot be taken care of unless book publishers become more professional. I am happy to note that more and more educated and qualified Indians  are getting into book publishing  that previously attracted mainly printers and booksellers who did  not have  even a   high school education.                                                                                                                                    

I would suggest that universities should have the position of poet or writer in residence for a few months to one or two years. Also universities should have one or two foreign teachers of English on their staff.

 

16. Every nation of the world is free and sovereign. You say often that  their sovereignty is  a danger to world peace. How it can be a danger?

 

A. National governments provide certain services to their citizens, including the  services for    protection of  life and property.  Problems arise when  governments become sovereign with no authority to control them. When every government starts arming itself to assure  security to its people from external aggression, real or imaginary, wars become inevitable. The security of the people is endangered when countries become sovereign and fully independent of one another. This leads to clashes among them.                                                                                        

 

Sovereignty or complete independence of national governments is the reason for the failure of  the UN  to prevent several wars. The UN recognizes the right of all the  nations of the world for self-determination and to resist interference by any foreign authority in their   domestic matters. As long as national governments remain  independent in the international arena, clashes are bound to arise. To stop those clashes, there have  to be some rules and laws for all the nations of the world to observe when they deal with one another. A parliament of  nations will make those laws which will define clearly the limitations of national governments. A democratically elected world parliament will see in the first place that such a situation does not arise. If it does, it  will deal with the warring nations appropriately. Armed clashes between nations have been taking place primarily because one of them is the aggressor and deceitful. Or the reason could be that the one nation wanted to swallow the land of the other nation.                                   

 

Presently, the world is like a large house  which is unsuitable for living because several workmen with the help of their individual plans and skills and without any design have built it.  The world has international institutions but there is no world authority to organize them. The world has become a global village, but this village is without its mayor and councilors. National governments have failed to bring sanity to the insane situation,  primarily because they are not based on the principal of cooperation and sharing for the good of others. Every nation thinks of its own citizens first.                                                                                                                            

If the world is to be turned into a safer place to live, it is vital to pass laws to control arms through legislation. Otherwise the demonic power of sophisticated arms that humans have created will destroy humans for ever. To avert this situation,  the world needs the next step in the development of human civilization and that is to form a democratic world government above all the national governments. If the law of the sea, the law of diplomatic immunity, the postal conventions and civil aviation can work, then the parliament of the nations can  also work.              

 

Space travel was not achieved in one day. Other scientific and technological discoveries were not made in minutes either. It took years of research and dedication. The same argument applies to this parliament of the world. After the formation of  nations, now is the time to form a world parliament. This does not mean that national governments will go away. It also does not means that  national languages and cultures will go away.  They all will continue to exist  as usual. The national governments, as provincial governments are at present, will have jurisdiction over their marked boundaries to enforce their sovereignty. These governments will hand over a part of their sovereignty to the international parliament to deal with international affairs.      

 

To maintain sovereignty, every nation at present has armed forces and intelligence  agencies. When a parliament of the world is formed, there will  not be  any need for them. At present, citizens are governed  by a set of laws framed by  their respective governments.  They will continue to be governed this way. However,  their national governments will be  governed by the government above them as provincial governments are governed by the federal government. The parliament of the world will restrict the powers of the national governments to produce and to arm themselves against any possible or imaginary aggression. Assurance against any aggression will be the domain of the world parliament. This is the way to make the world free from wars and to stop waste on arms preparation. This will save  billions of dollars that every nation can invest on schools, to open hospitals and to give better care to its citizens..

 

17. Would you please like to comment on your upcoming projects in the near future?                                                                                                      

 

 A. I am working on several projects. One of them is a novel and another, a literary work on Indian creative writers of today. In addition, I keep working in several minor projects, including writing articles and papers. A large part of my writing life is taken by writers who need pieces of advice and those who want me to write preface/ introductions for their works or write comments.

 

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